Utomoni Wosakaniza Bedi
Utomoni Wosakaniza Bedi
Zipinda Zosakanikirana Zogona
| Resins | Maonekedwe Athupi ndi Maonekedwe | Kapangidwe | NtchitoGulu | Ionic Fomu | Chiwerengero cha Kusintha kwa Meq / ml | Chinyezi | Kutembenuka kwa Ion | Kuchuluka kwa voliyumu | Kutumiza Kunenepa g / L. | Kukaniza |
| Zamgululi | Chotsani mikanda yozungulira | Gel SAC | R-CHONCHO3 | H+ | 1.0 | 55-65% | 99% | 50% | 720-740 | > 10.0 MΩ |
| Gel SBA | R-NCH3 | OH- | 1.7 | 50-55% | 90% | 50% | ||||
| MB101 | Chotsani mikanda yozungulira | Gel SAC | R-CHONCHO3 | H+ | 1.1 | 55-65% | 99% | 40% | 710-730 | > 16.5 MΩ |
| Gel SBA | R-NCH3 | OH- | 1.8 | 50-55% | 90% | 60% | ||||
| Zamgululi | Chotsani mikanda yozungulira | Gel SAC | R-CHONCHO3 | H+ | 1.1 | 55-65% | 99% | 30% | 710-730 | > 17.5 MΩ |
| Gel SBA | R-NCH3 | OH- | 1.9 | 50-55% | 95% | 70% | ||||
| MB103 | Chotsani mikanda yozungulira | Gel SAC | R-CHONCHO3 | H+ | 1.1 | 55-65% | 99% | 1 * | 710-730 | > 18.0 MΩ * |
| Gel SBA | R-NCH3 | OH- | 1.9 | 50-55% | 95% | 1 * | ||||
| MB104 | Chotsani mikanda yozungulira | Gel SAC | R-CHONCHO3 | H+ | 1.1 | 55-65% | 99% | Chithandizo Cha Mumadzi Chozizira | ||
| Gel SBA | R-NCH3 | OH- | 1.9 | 50-55% | 95% | |||||
| Mawu a M'munsi | * Apa pali zofanana; Mphamvu yosamba ndi madzi:> 17.5 MΩ cm; TOC <2 ppb | |||||||||
The madzi oyera oyera osakaniza bedi amapangidwa ndi mtundu wa gel osakaniza utomoni wosinthanitsa ndi utomoni wolimba wa alkali anion resin, ndipo wasinthidwa ndikukhala wosakanikirana.
Amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka poyeretsa madzi, kukonzekera madzi oyera pamsika wamagetsi, komanso bedi losakanikirana bwino la njira zina zochizira madzi. Ndioyenera kuminda yosiyanasiyana yochizira madzi yomwe imakhala ndi madzi okwanira komanso osasinthanso, monga zida zowonetsera, chowerengera cholimba, CD-ROM, bolodi loyendetsa bwino, zida zamagetsi zamagetsi ndi zina zamagetsi zamagetsi, mankhwala ndi chithandizo chamankhwala, makampani opanga zodzoladzola, makina opanga mwatsatanetsatane, ndi zina zambiri
Kugwiritsa ntchito kwa zomwe zikuyimira
1, pH osiyanasiyana: 0-14
2. Kutentha kololeka: mtundu wa sodium ≤ 120, hydrogen ≤ 100
3, kuchuluka kwakukula%: (Na + mpaka H +): ≤ 10
4. Industrial utomoni wosanjikiza kutalika M: ≥ 1.0
5, kusinthika kwa yankho ndende%: nacl6-10hcl5-10h2so4: 2-4
6, regenerant dosage kg / m3 (industrial product malinga ndi 100%): nacl75-150hcl40-100h2so4: 75-150
7, kusinthika kwamadzi kwamadzi M / h: 5-8
8, nthawi yothandizira kukonzanso nthawi: 30-60
9, kutsuka kwa mlingo M / h: 10-20
10, kutsuka nthawi: pafupifupi 30
11, kuthamanga kwa mlingo M / h: 10-40
12, yogwira ntchito yosinthira mamolol / L (onyowa): kusinthika kwa mchere ≥ 1000, hydrochloric acid kusinthika ≥ 1500
Obwerawa bedi utomoni zimagwiritsa ntchito makampani kuyeretsedwa kwa madzi kupukuta ndondomeko madzi kukwaniritsa demineralization khalidwe madzi (monga pambuyo dongosolo n'zosiyana osmosis). Dzinalo la bedi losakanikirana limaphatikizira utomoni wamphamvu wosinthanitsa ndi asidi komanso utomoni wolimba wa anion.
Ntchito ya utomoni Wosakaniza Bedi
Deionization (kapena demineralization) imangotanthauza kuchotsedwa kwa ayoni. Ion amalipira maatomu kapena mamolekyulu omwe amapezeka m'madzi okhala ndi zolakwika kapena zovuta. Pazinthu zambiri zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito madzi monga chotsukira kapena chinthu china, ioni izi zimawonedwa ngati zosafunika ndipo ziyenera kuchotsedwa m'madzi.
Ma ayoni omwe amalipiritsa bwino amatchedwa cations, ndipo ma ayoni omwe amalipitsidwa molakwika amatchedwa anions. Ion amasinthitsa ma resin posinthanitsa ma cation osafunikira ndi anions ndi hydrogen ndi hydroxyl kuti apange madzi oyera (H2O), omwe si ion. Lotsatira ndi mndandanda wa ayoni wamba mumadzi am'mizinda.
Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mfundo Yaposachedwa Bedi
Mabotolo osakanikirana amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga madzi a deionized (demineralized kapena "Di"). Mapuloteniwa ndi mikanda ing'onoing'ono ya pulasitiki yopangidwa ndi maunyolo opangidwa ndi ma polima ophatikizika omwe ali ndi magulu ogwira ntchito ophatikizidwa mu mikanda. Gulu lirilonse logwira ntchito limakhala ndi chindapusa chokhazikika kapena cholakwika.
Ma resin a Cationic ali ndi magulu osagwira ntchito, chifukwa chake amakopa ma ayoni abwino. Pali mitundu iwiri ya utomoni wa cation, asidi acid cation (WAC) ndi asidi acid cation (SAC). Ofooka asidi cation utomoni zimagwiritsa ntchito dealkalization ndi ntchito zina wapadera. Chifukwa chake, tiwunikiranso gawo la utomoni wamphamvu wa asidi wa cation womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga madzi osakanikirana.
Ma resin a Anionic ali ndi magulu abwino ogwira ntchito motero amakopa ma ayoni olakwika. Pali mitundu iwiri ya utomoni wa anion; Anion ofooka ofooka (WBA) komanso anion base (SBA). Mitundu yonse iwiri ya utomoni wa anionic imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga madzi osakanikirana, koma ali ndi izi:
Pogwiritsidwa ntchito pabedi losakanikirana, utomoni wa WBA sungachotse silika, CO2 kapena umatha kuthana ndi zidulo zofooka, ndipo uli ndi pH yotsika poyerekeza ndi ndale.
Utomoni wosakanikirana umachotsa ma anion onse patebulo pamwambapa, kuphatikiza CO2, ndipo imakhala ndi pH yopitilira ndale ikagwiritsidwa ntchito mu bedi lodziyimira palokha chifukwa chodontha ndi sodium.
Ma Resins a Sac ndi SBA Amagwiritsidwa Ntchito M'bedi Losakanikirana.
Kuti apange madzi osakanikirana, utomoni wa cation umasinthidwanso ndi hydrochloric acid (HCl). Hydrogen (H +) imalimbikitsidwa, motero imadziphatika ku mikanda ya cationic yolakwika. Utomoni wa anion udasinthidwanso ndi NaOH. Magulu a Hydroxyl (OH -) amadzinenera kuti ndi olakwika ndipo amadziphatikiza ndi mikanda ya anionic yoyera.
Ayoni osiyana amakopeka ndi utomoni mikanda ndi mphamvu zosiyana. Mwachitsanzo, calcium imakopa mikanda ya utomoni wa cationic mwamphamvu kwambiri kuposa sodium. Haidrojeni pa mikanda ya utomoni wa cationic ndi hydroxyl pa mikanda ya utomoni wa anionic siliwakopa kwenikweni mikandayo. Ichi ndichifukwa chake kusinthana kwa ion kumaloledwa. Cation ikamadutsa bwino ikadutsa mu mikanda ya cationic resin, kusinthana kwa cation ndi hydrogen (H +). Momwemonso, pamene anion wokhala ndi vuto loyipa amayenda kudzera mu mikanda ya anion, anion amasinthana ndi hydroxyl (OH -). Mukaphatikiza hydrogen (H +) ndi hydroxyl (OH -), mumapanga H2O yoyera.
Pomaliza, malo onse osinthana pa cation ndi anion resin mikanda agwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo thankiyo sichipanganso madzi opanda mphamvu. Pakadali pano, mikanda ya utomoni imayenera kusinthidwa kuti igwiritsidwenso ntchito.
Bwanji osankha utomoni wosakanikirana?
Chifukwa chake, pakufunika mitundu iwiri yama resin yosinthira pokonzekera madzi amadzimadzi. Utomoni umodzi umachotsa ma ayoni omwe ali ndi vuto ndipo enawo amachotsa ma ayoni omwe amalipira zolakwika.
M'bedi losakanikirana, utomoni wa cationic umakhala m'malo oyamba. Pamene madzi amatauni amalowa mu thanki yodzazidwa ndi utomoni wa cation, ma cation onse omwe ali ndi chidwi amakopeka ndi mikanda ya utomoni ndikusinthana ndi hydrogen. Anions omwe ali ndi vuto loyipa sadzakopeka ndikudutsa mikanda ya cationic resin. Mwachitsanzo, tiyeni tiwone calcium chloride m'madzi odyetsa. Poyankha, ma ayoni a calcium amalipitsidwa bwino ndipo amadziphatika ku mikanda ya cationic kuti atulutse ayoni wa hydrogen. Chloride ili ndi mlandu wolakwika, chifukwa chake sichimadziphatika ku mikanda ya cationic resin. Hydrogen yokhala ndi chiwongola dzanja chabwino imadziphatika ku chloride ion kuti ipange hydrochloric acid (HCl). Zotsalira zomwe zimatuluka mumtengowu zimakhala ndi pH yotsika kwambiri komanso yotsogola kwambiri kuposa madzi omwe akubwera.
Madzi abwino a utomoni wa cationic amapangidwa ndi asidi wamphamvu ndi asidi wofowoka. Kenako, madzi amchere amalowa mu thanki yodzaza ndi utomoni wa anion. Ma resin a Anionic amakopa ma anion olipira ngati ma chloride ions ndikuwasinthanitsa ndi magulu a hydroxyl. Zotsatira zake ndi hydrogen (H +) ndi hydroxyl (OH -), omwe amapanga H2O
M'malo mwake, chifukwa cha "kutayikira kwa sodium", makina osakanikirana sadzatulutsa H2O weniweni. Ngati sodium ikudontha kudzera mu thanki yosinthira madzi, imaphatikizana ndi hydroxyl kuti ipange sodium hydroxide, yomwe imakhala ndi magwiridwe antchito ambiri. Kutayikira kwa sodium kumachitika chifukwa sodium ndi haidrojeni ali ndi zokopa zofanana kwambiri ndi mikanda ya utoto wa cationic, ndipo nthawi zina ayoni a sodium samasinthana ayoni a haidrojeni okha.
M'bedi losakanikirana, asidi wamphamvu wa cation ndi utomoni wamphamvu wa anion amaphatikizidwa pamodzi. Izi zimathandiza kuti thanki yosakanikirana izigwira ntchito ngati zikwizikwi za ma bed osakanikirana mu thanki. Kusinthana kwa cation / anion kunabwerezedwa pabedi la utomoni. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kosinthana kwa cation / anion mobwerezabwereza, vuto lakuchepa kwa sodium lidathetsedwa. Pogwiritsa ntchito bedi losakanikirana, mutha kupanga madzi abwino kwambiri opangidwa ndi deionized.
